Hydrometer.



PATENTED AUG. 28, 1906.

T. D. BUNGE. HYDROMBTER. APPLICATION FILED 00T.1 4, 1005.

M Z; 3. g 4 4 INVENTOR ZZeazZaze fi. Bwwe A HORNE Y8 THEODORE DWIGHT BUNCE, OF NEW YORK, N. Y.

HYDROMETER.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Aug. 28, 1906.

Application filed October 14.1905. Serial- No 282,749-

To all whom, it may concern:

Be it known that I, THEODORE Dwion'r BUNoE, a citizen of the United States, and a resident of the city of New York, borough of Manhattan, in the county and State of New York, have invented a new and Improved Hydrometer, of which the following is a full, clear, and exact description.

My invention relates to hydrometers, my more particular object being to produce a ty e of hydrometer in which the reading may lie made very quickly and in which the approximate density of the liquid may be indicated in such manner as to avoid the probability of mistakes.

Reference is to be had to the accompany-- ing drawings forming a part of this spccificw tion, in which similar characters of reference indicate corresponding parts in all the figures.

Figure 1 is a erspective view showing the hydrometer rea for use. Fig. 2 is a central vertical section through the same, and Fig. 3 is a horizontal section upon the line 3 3 of Fig. 2 looking in the direction of the arrow and showing one of the floats occupying its normal position.

A tubular member 4 of transparent mate' rial, referably glass, is provided with sections 4" 4 connected integrally therewith b means of constricted portions 4 4. The bottom of the member 4 is threaded external! at 4* and fitted with a metallic cap 5, which is threaded for the purpose and screwed onto the same from below. The section 4} of the tubular member 4 is also threaded. externally at 4' and isfittedwith a metallic cap 6, thread l edto fit'upon the same.

lie straps 7 are connected with the caps 5 B and together with these members constitute a ca e which protects the delicate portions of the Eevice from injury. The ca 6 is provided with apertures 9, through whic a liquid can readily pass. Aring 10 is secured firmly upon the cap 6, and connected with this ring is a. chain 11, whereby the entire device may be lifted A number of loose floats 12, 11%, and 14, preferably of lass and of diii'erent colors, are made so as to have different specific gravity, that of the float 12 being less than that of the float 13 and the specific gravity of the float 13 being less than that of the float 14. The floats. 12 and 13 rest, respectively, upon the constrictions 4 when the device is in its normal position.

v My inveiltion is used as follows: Suppose A number of metal it is desirable to measure the a proximate specific gravity of a liquid suc as gases lene. The operator grasps the chain 11 and lowers the hydrometer into the liquid. If new all three of the floats l2, l3, and 14 rise l'rom their respective seats or restin places, the liquid is too dense. If none of t 1e floats rise, the liquid is lighter than necessary. If only the to float rises, the floats l3 and 14 remaining down, the approximate intermeindicater The device is of peculiar value in cases where it is desired to determine the ap roxi mate density of the liquid under con itions Where no great volume of the liquid is available for the purpose. The usual method of doing this is to drawoil' a portion of the liquid into a hydrometerj or and measure the specific gravity or" this portion of the liquid by means of the usual hydronicter. When the instrument is lowered into the liquid, the latter enters through the apertures 9, and the tendency of the liquid is to lift the floats in succession, beginning with the uppermost. By the arrangement above described the floats, being some distance apart, are more readily observed then .f they were grouped together, and bring of difl'erent c: rs and otherwise M di tinguishable by the s gh-2 they may i with greater facility than if d tog ther. Mcw over, if any no of the floats iii-13343113 to is of approximate the same specific gravity as ihc l quid, but unable toris mthc sui'fm it easily ocked upon its seat, and this rocking movement is readily discernible by gilt, so that the qwerator cm, by a little exp rienc judge more accurately as to the densit of the liquid.

The iusi'rumeiir is div-zigued mesh articularlv to indicate the hint tlxat a gix c1. iaqsaid is above or below a certain lived value :athcr than to measure the exact specifi gravity. For instance, in using gasolenc it i necessary to ascertain whether it is too light or whether it is too heavy. The exact specific gravity of the liquid need not for most pur wses be known.

The device shown is of peculiar value in testing asolene to be used in the motors of automo iles and in explosive-engines generall l do not limit myself to any particular number of floats nor to any articular mode of distinguishing them one om the other. l

diate degree of density of the liquid is thus prefer to make them hollow and of class and to render them (listin uislmble by coloration.

Having thus described my invention, 1

claim as new and desire to secure by Letters 5 Patent 1. in a hydrometer, the combination of a tubular member provided with constrictions, floats of unequal specific gravity disposed within said tubular member and normally :0 resting upon said constrictions, and means for admitting a liquid to said floats.

Z. In a hydrometer, the combination of a tubular member of glass provided with 001k strictions whereby it is subdivided into sections, a plurality of floats of dii'l erent SpQUiiil gravity resting normally upon said constrictions, and adapted to be lifted t refrom in succession. by the buoyancy of a liquid, and means for permitting access of a liquid to the interior of said tubular member.

3. In a hydrometer, the combina-tion of a tubular member of glass, a plurality of caps closing the ends of said tubular member of glass, one of said caps being provided with apertures for adi'nitting a liquid, floats dis-- posed within said tubular member of glass, wire members connecting said caps together and forming therewith a cage, and means for lowering said cage and said tube contained 0 therein into the body of liquid.

seaaea and resting respectively u on said constrictions, said floats being 0 unequal specific gravity, and means for lowering said tubular member into a liquid, the specific gravity of which is to be tested by comparison. with the specific gravity of said floats.

7. in a hydrometer, the combination of a tubular member, floats of unequal specific gravity mounted therein and spaced apart so as to be readily observable, means for maintaining said floats out of contact with each other and a suspension member for lowering said tubular member into the body of liquid, the specific gravity of which is to be tested.

8. In a hydrometer, the combination. of a tubular member of glass, metallic caps mounted upon the ends of said tubular member, wire members connecting said caps together and constitut g therewith a cage for protecting said tubular member, floats mounted loosely within said tubular member and adapted to be raised by the buoyancy of lit uid, and means for subjecting said floats to the buoyant action of said liquid.

9. The combination of a tubular member, floats mounted therein and distinguishable from each other. by sight, said floats being of different specific gravities, and means for maintaining said floats out of contact with each other.

In testimony whereof I have signed my name to this specification in the presence of two subscribing witnesses.

THEODORE DWIGI BUNCE. 

